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sar·coph·a·gus  (sär-kŏf′ə-gəs)n. pl. sar·coph·a·gi (-jī′) or sar·coph·a·gus·es A stone coffin, often inscribed or decorated with sculpture.[Latin, from Greek sarkophagos, coffin, from (lithos) sarkophagos, limestone that consumed the flesh of corpses laid in it : sarx, sark-, flesh + -phagos, -phagous.]Word History: Sarcophagus, our term for a stone coffin located above ground, has a macabre origin befitting a macabre thing. Its ultimate source is the Greek word sarkophagos, eating flesh, carnivorous, a compound derived from sarx, flesh, and phagein, to eat. Sarkophagos was also used in the phrase lithos (stone) sarkophagos to denote a kind of limestone with caustic properties from which coffins were made in the ancient world. The Roman natural historian Pliny the Elder says that this stone was quarried near the town of Assos in the Troad and describes its remarkable properties as follows: It is well known that the bodies of the dead placed in it will be completely consumed after forty days, except for the teeth. The Greek term sarkophagos could also be used by itself as a noun to mean simply coffin. Greek sarkophagos was borrowed into Latin as sarcophagus and used in the phrase lapis (stone) sarcophagus to refer to the same stone as in Greek. In Latin, too, sa